U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Menu of Best Management Practices

Post-Construction Storm Water Management in New Development and Redevelopment

Regulatory Text

Guidance

If water quality impacts are considered from the beginning stages of a project, new development and potentially redevelopment provide more opportunities for water quality protection. EPA recommends that the BMPs chosen: be appropriate for the local community; minimize water quality impacts; and attempt to maintain pre-development runoff conditions. In choosing appropriate BMPs, EPA encourages you to participate in locally-based watershed planning efforts which attempt to involve a diverse group of stakeholders including interested citizens. When developing a program that is consistent with this measure's intent, EPA recommends that you adopt a planning process that identifies the municipality's program goals (e.g., minimize water quality impacts resulting from post-construction runoff from new development and redevelopment), implementation strategies (e.g., adopt a combination of structural and/or non-structural BMPs), operation and maintenance policies and procedures, and enforcement procedures. In developing your program, you should consider assessing existing ordinances, policies, programs and studies that address storm water runoff quality. In addition to assessing these existing documents and programs, you should provide opportunities to the public to participate in the development of the program. Non-structural BMPs are preventative actions that involve management and source controls such as: policies and ordinances that provide requirements and standards to direct growth to identified areas, protect sensitive areas such as wetlands and riparian areas, maintain and/or increase open space (including a dedicated funding source for open space acquisition), provide buffers along sensitive water bodies, minimize impervious surfaces, and minimize disturbance of soils and vegetation; policies or ordinances that encourage infill development in higher density urban areas, and areas with existing infrastructure; education programs for developers and the public about project designs that minimize water quality impacts; and measures such as minimization of percent impervious area after development and minimization of directly connected impervious areas. Structural BMPs include: storage practices such as wet ponds and extended-detention outlet structures; filtration practices such as grassed swales, sand filters and filter strips; and infiltration practices such as infiltration basins and infiltration trenches. EPA recommends that you ensure the appropriate implementation of the structural BMPs by considering some or all of the following: pre-construction review of BMP designs; inspections during construction to verify BMPs are built as designed; post-construction inspection and maintenance of BMPs; and penalty provisions for the noncompliance with design, construction or operation and maintenance. Storm water technologies are constantly being improved, and EPA recommends that your requirements be responsive to these changes, developments or improvements in control technologies.

BMP Fact Sheets

(The following materials are available on the EPA web site at:  www.epa.gov/npdes/menuofmps/post.htm.)

Structural BMPs

Ponds

Dry extended detention ponds

Wet ponds

Infiltration practices

Infiltration basin

Infiltration trench

Porous pavement

Filtration practices

Bioretention

Sand and organic filters

Vegetative practices

Storm water wetland

Grassed swales

Grassed filter strip

Runoff pretreatment practices

Catch basin

In-line storage

Manufactured products for storm water inlets

Nonstructural BMPs

Experimental practices

Alum injection

On-lot Treatment

On-Lot treatment

Better site design

Buffer zones

Open space design

Urban forestry

Conservation easements

Infrastructure planning

Narrower residential streets

Eliminating curbs and gutters

Green parking

Alternative turnarounds

Alternative pavers

BMP inspection and maintenance

Ordinances for postconstruction runoff

Zoning

Additional Fact Sheets

The following fact sheets are available for download in PDF format.

Bioretention

Hydrodynamic Separators

Infiltration Drainfields

Infiltration Trench

Modular Treatment System

Porous Pavement

Sand Filters

Storm Water Wetlands

Vegetative Swales

Water Quality Inlets

Wet Detention Ponds